How To Web Works?

  1. DNS in Detail
  2. HTTP in Detail
  3. How Websites Work
  4. Putting it all together

📝 Notes

DNS in Detail

  • What is DNS?
    • Domain Hierarchy
    • Record Types
    • Making A Request
  • Domain Hierarchy
    • Root Domain, Top-Level Domain, Second-Level Domain, Subdomain
  • Record Types
    • A Record, AAAA Record, CNAME Record, MX Record, TXT Record
  • Making A Request

HTTP in Detail

  • What is HTTP(S)?
    • HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
    • HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure)
  • Requests And Responses
    • URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
    • Scheme, User, Host, Port, Path, Query, String, Fragment
  • Making a Request
    • GET / HTTP/1.1
  • HTTP Methods
    • GET Request
    • POST Request
    • PUT Request
    • DELETE Request

HTTP Status Codes:

Code Range Information
100 - 199 Information Response
200 - 299 Success
300 - 399 Redirection
400 - 499 Client Errors
500 - 599 Server Errors

Common HTTP Status Codes:

Status Code Information
200 OK
201 Created
301 Permanent Redirect
302 Temporary Redirect
400 Bad Request
401 Not Authorised
403 Forbidden
405 Method Not Allowed
404 Page Not Found
500 Internal Service Error
503 Service Unavailable
  • Headers
    • Common Request Headers
    • User-Agent
    • Content-Length
    • Accept-Encoding
    • Cookie
  • Cookies
  • Making Requests

How Websites Work

  • HTML (CSS, Javascript)
  • JavaScript
  • Sensitive Data Exposure
  • HTML Injection
  • HTML
    • JavaScript
    • Sensitive Data Exposure
    • HTML Injection

Putting it all together

  • Other Components
    • Load Balancers
    • CDN (Content Delivery Networks)
    • Databases
    • WAF (Web Application Firewall)
  • How Web Servers Work
  • What is a Web Server?
  • Virtual Hosts
  • Static Vs Dynamic Content
  • Scripting and Backend Languages

🐧 Conclusions
These rooms were insightful and helped strengthen my foundational knowledge in the topic. I found the practical exercises especially useful in connecting theoretical concepts with real-world applications. Despite already having some background, I realized there’s still a lot to explore and master in this area. It was a valuable learning experience that motivated me to keep digging deeper.